Both heavy-duty and light-duty EVs are commercially available. EVs are generally more expensive than similar standard and hybrid vehicles, although some costs can be incurred by saving fuel, organizational tax credit, or state compensation.

Key Parts of an Electric Vehicles

Battery (all-electric auxiliary):

In an electric drive vehicle, the auxiliary battery provides electricity to power vehicle accessories.

Charge port: 

The charge port allows the vehicle to connect to an external power supply in order to charge the traction battery pack.

DC/DC converter:

This device converts higher-voltage DC power from the traction battery pack to the lower-voltage DC power needed to run vehicle accessories and recharge the auxiliary battery.

Electric traction motor:

Using power from the traction battery pack, this motor drives the vehicle’s wheels. Some vehicles use motor generators that perform both the drive and regeneration functions.

Onboard charger:

Takes the incoming AC electricity supplied via the charge port and converts it to DC power for charging the traction battery. It also communicates with the charging equipment and monitors battery characteristics such as voltage, current, temperature, and state of charge while charging the pack.

Power electronics controller:

This unit manages the flow of electrical energy delivered by the traction battery, controlling the speed of the electric traction motor and the torque it produces.

Thermal system (cooling): 

This system maintains a proper operating temperature range of the engine, electric motor, power electronics, and other components.

Traction battery pack:

Stores electricity for use by the electric traction motor.

Transmission (electric):

The transmission transfers mechanical power from the electric traction motor to drive the wheels.

Ref: afdc.energy.gov

All electric vehicles (EVs), also known as battery electric vehicle, use a battery pack to conserve the power of the engine. EV batteries are charged by connecting the vehicle to a power source. While electricity generation may contribute to air pollution, as per the U.S. The Environmental Protection Agency all electric vehicles are zero-emitting vehicles because they do not produce a direct exhaust.

Both heavy-duty and light-duty EVs are commercially available. EVs are generally more expensive than similar standard and hybrid vehicles, although some costs can be incurred by saving fuel, organizational tax credit, or state compensation.

Powering Electric Vehicle

In PEVs, internal rechargeable batteries store energy to power one or more electric motors. These batteries are charged using electricity from the grid and the power is taken up during braking, known as regenerative braking.

Powering PEVs at the moment is more expensive compared to using Petrol / Diesel / gasoline, but PEVs are often more expensive to buy. However, initial vehicle costs can be reduced by saving energy costs, organizational tax credit, and state grants. Charge for electric cars is more expensive if drivers can afford the low cost of accommodation and other incentives offered by many services.

Driving Range

Modern EVs are usually shorter (per charge) than conventional comparable vehicles (per fuel tank). However, a growing range of new models and the continuous development of high-powered charging machines narrows this gap.

The efficiency and driving range of EVs varies substantially based on driving conditions. Extreme outside temperatures tend to reduce range, because more energy must be used to heat or cool the cabin.

EVs work much better under city driving than highway travel. Urban driving conditions have standard stops, which increase the benefits of re-applying the brakes, while highway traffic often requires additional power to overcome high-speed towing. Compared to the slower speed, faster acceleration reduces the range of traffic. Carrying heavy loads or driving uphill also has the potential to reduce altitude

Electric Charging Stations

Many PEV owners prefer to charge most of them at home (or at shipping sites, in the case of commercially controlled flights). Some employers offer access to a workplace fee. In many cities, PEV drivers also have access to public charging stations in various locations, such as shopping malls, public parking garages and locations, hotels, and businesses. Charging infrastructure is growing rapidly, providing drivers with ease, scope, and confidence to meet their travel needs.

Electric Vehicle parts: www.inlitetech.com/all-electric-vehicles-parts/

Referance: https://news.hyundaimotorgroup.com/Article/Understanding-EV-Components